| COMMAND |
DESCRIPTION |
| Append |
The append command can be used by programs to open files
in another directory as if they were located in the current directory.
The append command is available in MS-DOS as well as in all 64-bit versions of Windows. |
| Arp |
The arp command is used to display or change entries in the ARP cache. The arp command is available in all versions of Windows. |
| Assoc |
The assoc command is used to display or change the file type associated with a particular file extension. The assoc command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| At |
The at command is used to schedule commands and other programs to
run at a specific date and time. The at command is available in Windows
7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. Beginning in Windows 8, command line
task scheduling should instead be completed with the schtasks command. |
| Atmadm |
The atmadm command is used to display information related to
asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) connections on the system. The atmadm
command is available in Windows XP. Support for ATM was removed
beginning in Windows Vista, making the atmadm command unnecessary. |
| Attrib |
The attrib command is used to change the attributes of a single file or a directory. The attrib command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Auditpol |
The auditpol command is used to display or change audit policies.
The auditpol command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7,
and Windows Vista. |
| Bcdboot |
The bcdboot command is used to copy partition and to create a new system BCD store. The bcdboot command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, and Windows 7. |
| Bcdedit |
The bcdedit command is used to view or make changes to Boot
Configuration Data. The bcdedit command is available in Windows 10,
Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. The bcdedit command replaced
the bootcfg command beginning in Windows Vista. |
| Bdehdcfg |
The bdehdcfg command is used to prepare a hard drive for BitLocker Drive Encryption. The bdehdcfg command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, and Windows 7. |
| Bitsadmin |
The bitsadmin command is used to create, manage, and monitor
download and upload jobs. The bitsadmin command is available in Windows
8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. While the bitsadmin command is
available in both Windows 8 and Windows 7, it is being phased out. The
BITS PowerShell cmdlets should be used instead. |
| Bootcfg |
The bootcfg command is used to build, modify, or view the contents of the boot.ini file, a hidden file
that is used to identify in what folder, on which partition, and on
which hard drive Windows is located. The bootcfg command is available in
Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. The
bootcfg command was replaced by the bcdedit command beginning in Windows
Vista. Bootcfg is still available in Windows 10, 8, 7, and Vista, but
it serves no real value since boot.ini is not used in these operating systems. |
| Bootsect |
The bootsect command is used to configure the NTLDR
(XP and earlier). The bootsect command is available in Windows 10 and
Windows 8. The bootsect command is also available in Windows 7 and
Windows Vista but only from the Command Prompt available in System Recovery Options. |
| Break |
The break command sets or clears extended CTRL+C
checking on DOS systems. The break command is available in all versions
of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. The break command is available in
Windows XP and later versions of Windows to provide compatibility with
MS-DOS files but it has no effect in Windows itself. |
| Cacls |
The cacls command is used to display or change access control lists
of files. The cacls command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. The cacls command is being
phased out in favor of the icacls command, which should be used instead
in all versions of Windows after Windows XP. |
| Call |
The call command is used to run a script or batch program from
within another script or batch program. The call command is available in
all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. The call command has no
effect outside of a script or batch file. In other words, running the call command at the Command Prompt or MS-DOS prompt will do nothing. |
| Cd |
The cd command is the shorthand version of the chdir command. The cd
command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Certreq |
The certreq command is used to perform various certification
authority (CA) certificate functions. The certreq command is available
in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Certutil |
The certutil command is used to dump and display certification
authority (CA) configuration information in addition to other CA
functions. The certutil command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Change |
The change command changes various terminal server settings like
install modes, COM port mappings, and logons. The change command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Chcp |
The chcp command displays or configures the active code page number.
The chcp command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in
MS-DOS. |
| Chdir |
The chdir command is used to display the drive letter and folder
that you are currently in. Chdir can also be used to change the drive
and/or directory that you want to work in. The chdir command is
available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Checknetisolation |
The checknetisolation command is used to test apps that require
network capabilities. The checknetisolation command is available in
Windows 10 and Windows 8. |
| Chglogon |
The chglogon command enables, disables, or drains terminal server
session logins. The chglogon command is available in Windows 10, Windows
8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. Executing the chglogon command is the
same as executing change logon. |
| Chgport |
The chgport command can be used to display or change COM port
mappings for DOS compatibility. The chgport command is available in
Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. Executing the
chgport command is the same as executing change port. |
| Chgusr |
The chgusr command is used to change the install mode for the
terminal server. The chgusr command is available in Windows 10, Windows
8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. Executing the chgusr command is the
same as executing change user. |
| Chkdsk |
The chkdsk command, often referred to as check disk, is used to
identify and correct certain hard drive errors. The chkdsk command is
available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Chkntfs |
The chkntfs command is used to configure or display the checking of
the disk drive during the Windows boot process. The chkntfs command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and
Windows XP. |
| Choice |
The choice command is used within a script or batch program to
provide a list of choices and return the value of that choice to the
program. The choice command is available in MS-DOS and all versions of
Windows except Windows XP. Use the set command with the /p switch in
place of the choice command in batch files and scripts that you plan to
use in Windows XP. |
| Cipher |
The cipher command shows or changes the NTFS partitions. The cipher command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Clip |
The clip command is used to redirect the output from any command to
the clipboard in Windows. The clip command is available in Windows 10,
Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Cls |
The cls command clears the screen of all previously entered commands
and other text. The cls command is available in all versions of
Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Cmd |
The cmd command starts a new instance of the cmd.exe command interpreter. The cmd command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Cmdkey |
The cmdkey command is used to show, create, and remove stored user
names and passwords. The cmdkey command is available in Windows 10,
Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Cmstp |
The cmstp command installs or uninstalls a Connection Manager
service profile. The cmstp command is available in Windows 10, Windows
8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Color |
The color command is used to change the colors of the text and
background within the Command Prompt window. The color command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and
Windows XP. |
| Command |
The command command starts a new instance of the command.com command
interpreter. The command command is available in MS-DOS as well as in
all 32-bit versions of Windows. The command command is not available in
64-bit versions of Windows. |
| Comp |
The comp command is used to compare the contents of two files or
sets of files. The comp command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Compact |
The compact command is used to show or change the compression
state of files and directories on NTFS partitions. The compact command
is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and
Windows XP. |
| Convert |
The convert command is used to convert FAT or FAT32
formatted volumes to the NTFS format. The convert command is available
in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Copy |
The copy command does simply that — it copies one or more files
from one location to another. The copy command is available in all
versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. The xcopy command is
considered to be a more "powerful" version of the copy command. |
| Cscript |
The cscript command is used to execute scripts via Microsoft Script
Host. The cscript command is available in all versions of Windows. The
cscript command is most popularly used to manage printers from the
command line using scripts like prncnfg.vbs, prndrvr.vbs, prnmngr.vbs,
and others. |
| Ctty |
The ctty command is used to change the default input and output
devices for the system. The ctty command is available in Windows 98 and
95 as well as in MS-DOS. The functions provided by the ctty command were
no longer necessary beginning in Windows XP because the command.com
interpreter (MS-DOS) is no longer the default command line interpreter. |
| Date |
The date command is used to show or change the current date. The
date command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in
MS-DOS. |
| Dblspace |
The dblspace command is used to create or configure DoubleSpace
compressed drives. The dblspace command is available in Windows 98 and
95, as well as in MS-DOS. DriveSpace, executed using the drvspace
command, is an updated version of DoubleSpace. Windows began handling
compression beginning in Windows XP. |
| Debug |
The debug command starts Debug, a command line application used to
test and edit programs. The debug command is available in MS-DOS as well
as in all 32-bit versions of Windows. The debug command is not
available in 64-bit versions of Windows. |
| Defrag |
The defrag command is used to defragment
a drive you specify. The defrag command is the command line version of
Microsoft's Disk Defragmenter. The defrag command is available in all
versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Del |
The del command is used to delete one or more files. The del command
is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. The del
command is the same as the erase command. |
| Deltree |
The deltree command is used to delete a directory and all the files
and subdirectories within it. The deltree command is available in
Windows 98 and 95, as well as in MS-DOS. Beginning in Windows XP, a
folder and its files and subfolders can be removed using the /s function
of the rmdir command. Deltree was no longer needed with this new rmdir
ability so the command was removed. |
| Diantz |
The diantz command is used to losslessly compress one or more files.
The diantz command is sometimes called Cabinet Maker. The diantz
command is available in Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. The
diantz command is the same as the makecab command. |
| Dir |
The dir command is used to display a list of files and folders
contained inside the folder that you are currently working in. The dir
command also displays other important information like the hard drive's free space left on the drive, and more. The dir command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Diskcomp |
The diskcomp command is used to compare the contents of two floppy
disks. The diskcomp command is available in all versions of Windows, as
well as in MS-DOS, with the exclusion of Windows 10. |
| Diskcopy |
The diskcopy command is used to copy the entire contents of one
floppy disk to another. The diskcopy command is available in all
versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS, with the exclusion of Windows
10. |
| Diskpart |
The diskpart command is used to create, manage, and delete hard
drive partitions. The diskpart command is available in Windows 8,
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. The diskpart command replaced
the fdisk command beginning in Windows XP. |
| Diskperf |
The diskperf command is used to manage disk performance counters
remotely. The diskperf command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Diskraid |
The diskraid command starts the DiskRAID tool which is used to
manage and configure RAID arrays. The diskraid command is available in
Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Dism |
The dism command starts the Deployment Image Servicing and
Management tool (DISM). The DISM tool is used to manage features in
Windows images. The dism command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
and Windows 7. |
| Dispdiag |
The dispdiag command is used to output a log of information about
the display system. The dispdiag command is available in Windows 10,
Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Djoin |
The djoin command is used to create a new computer account in a
domain. The djoin command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows
7, and Windows Vista. |
| Doskey |
The doskey command is used to edit command lines, create macros, and
recall previously entered commands. The doskey command is available in
all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Dosshell |
The dosshell command starts DOS Shell, a graphical file management
tool for MS-DOS. The dosshell command is available in Windows 95 (in
MS-DOS mode) and also in MS-DOS version 6.0 and later MS-DOS versions
that were upgraded from previous versions that contained the dosshell
command. A graphical file manager, Windows Explorer, became an
integrated part of the operating system beginning in Windows 95. |
| Dosx |
The dosx command is used to start DOS Protected Mode Interface
(DPMI), a special mode designed to give MS-DOS applications access to
more than the normally allowed 640 KB. The dosx command is available in
Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. The
dosx command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows. The dosx
command and DPMI is only available in Windows to support older MS-DOS
programs. |
| Driverquery |
The driverquery command is used to show a list of all installed drivers. The driverquery command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Drvspace |
The drvspace command is used to create or configure DriveSpace
compressed drives. The drvspace command is available in Windows 98 and
95, as well as in MS-DOS. DriveSpace is an updated version of
DoubleSpace, executed using the dblspace command. Windows began handling
compression beginning in Windows XP. |
| Echo |
The echo command is used to show messages, most commonly from within
script or batch files. The echo command can also be used to turn the
echoing feature on or off. The echo command is available in all versions
of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Edit |
The edit command starts the MS-DOS Editor tool which is used to create and modify text files.
The edit command is available in MS-DOS as well as in all 32-bit
versions of Windows. The edit command is not available in 64-bit
versions of Windows. |
| Edlin |
The edlin command starts the Edlin tool which is used to create and
modify text files from the command line. The edlin command is available
in all 32-bit versions of Windows but is not available in 64-bit
versions of Windows. In MS-DOS, the edlin command is only available up
to MS-DOS 5.0, so unless your later version of MS-DOS was upgraded from
5.0 or prior, you won't see the edlin command. |
| Emm386 |
The emm386 command is used to give MS-DOS access to more than 640 KB of memory.
The emm386 command is available in Windows 98 and 95, as well as in
MS-DOS. Windows itself has access to extended and expanded memory
beginning in Windows 95. |
| Endlocal |
The endlocal command is used to end the localization of environment
changes inside a batch or script file. The endlocal command is available
in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Erase |
The erase command is used to delete one or more files. The erase
command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS.
The erase command is the same as the del command. |
| Esentutl |
The esentutl command is used to manage Extensible Storage Engine
databases. The esentutl command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Eventcreate |
The eventcreate command is used to create a custom event in an event
log. The eventcreate command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Eventtriggers |
The eventtriggers command is used to configure and display event
triggers. The eventtriggers command is available in Windows XP.
Beginning in Windows Vista, event triggers are created using the Attach
Task To This Event feature in Event Viewer, making the eventtriggers
command unnecessary. |
| Exe2bin |
The exe2bin command is used to convert a file of the executable file)
to a binary file. The exe2bin command is available in 32-bit versions
of Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. The
exe2bin command is not available in any 64-bit version of Windows. |
| Exit |
The exit command is used to end the cmd.exe (Windows) or command.com
(MS-DOS) session that you're currently working in. The exit command is
available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Expand |
The expand command is used to extract the files and folders contained in Microsoft Cabinet (CAB)
files. The expand command is available in MS-DOS as well as in all
versions of Windows. The expand command is not available in the 64-bit
version of Windows XP. |
| Extrac32 |
The extrac32 command is used to extract the files and folders
contained in Microsoft Cabinet (CAB) files. The extrac32 command is
available in all versions of Windows. The extrac32 command is actually a
CAB extraction program for use by Internet Explorer but can be used to
extract any Microsoft Cabinet file. Use the expand command instead of
the extrac32 command if possible. |
| Extract |
The extract command is used to extract the files and folders
contained in Microsoft Cabinet (CAB) files. The extract command is
available in Windows 98 and 95. The extract command was replaced by the
expand command beginning in Windows XP. |
| Fasthelp |
The fasthelp command provides more detailed information on any of
the other MS-DOS commands. The fasthelp command is only available in
MS-DOS. The help command replaced the fasthelp command beginning in
Windows 95. |
| Fastopen |
The fastopen command is used to add a program's hard drive location
to a special list stored in memory, potentially improving the program's
launch time by removing the need for MS-DOS to locate the application on
the drive. The fastopen command is available in MS-DOS as well as in
all 32-bit versions of Windows. The fastopen command is not available in
64-bit versions of Windows. Fastopen is only available in Windows 10,
Windows 8, 7, Vista, and XP to support older MS-DOS files. |
| Fc |
The fc command is used to compare two individual or sets of files
and then show the differences between them. The fc command is available
in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Fdisk |
The fdisk command is used to create, manage, and delete hard drive
partitions. The fdisk command is available in Windows 98 and 95, as well
as in MS-DOS. The fdisk command was replaced by the diskpart command
beginning in Windows XP. Partition management is also available from Disk Management in Windows 10, 8, 7, Vista, and XP. |
| Find |
The find command is used to search for a specified text string in
one or more files. The find command is available in all versions of
Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Findstr |
The findstr command is used to find text string patterns in one or
more files. The findstr command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Finger |
The finger command is used to return information about one or more users on a remote computer that's running the Finger service. The finger command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Fltmc |
The fltmc command is used to load, unload, list, and otherwise
manage Filter drivers. The fltmc command is available in Windows 10,
Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Fondue |
The fondue command, short for Features on Demand User Experience
Tool, is used to install any of the several optional Windows features
from the command line. The fondue command is available in Windows 8.
Optional Windows features can also be installed from the Programs and
Features Control Panel. |
| For |
The for command is used to run a specified command for each file in a
set of files. The for command is most often used within a batch or
script file. The for command is available in all versions of Windows, as
well as in MS-DOS. |
| Forcedos |
The forcedos command is used to start the specified program in the
MS-DOS subsystem. The forcedos command is only available in 32-bit
versions of Windows XP. The forcedos command is only used for MS-DOS
programs that are not recognized as such by Windows XP. |
| Forfiles |
The forfiles command selects one or more files to execute a
specified command on. The forfiles command is most often used within a
batch or script file. The forfiles command is available in Windows 10,
Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Format |
The format command is used to file system
that you specify. The format command is available in all versions of
Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. Drive formatting is also available from
Disk Management in Windows 10, 8, 7, Vista, and XP. |
| Fsutil |
The fsutil command is used to perform various FAT and NTFS file
system tasks like managing reparse points and sparse files, dismounting a
volume, and extending a volume. The fsutil command is available in
Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Ftp |
The ftp command can be used to transfer files to and from another
computer. The remote computer must be operating as an FTP server. The
ftp command is available in all versions of Windows. |
| Ftype |
The ftype command is used to define a default program to open a
specified file type. The ftype command is available in Windows 10,
Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Getmac |
The getmac command is used to display the media access control (MAC)
address of all the network controllers on a system. The getmac command
is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and
Windows XP. |
| Goto |
The goto command is used in a batch or script file to direct the
command process to a labeled line in the script. The goto command is
available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Gpresult |
The gpresult command is used to display Group Policy settings. The
gpresult command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7,
Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Gpupdate |
The gpupdate command is used to update Group Policy settings. The
gpupdate command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7,
Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Graftabl |
The graftabl command is used to enable the ability of Windows to
display an extended character set in graphics mode. The graftabl command
is available in all versions of Windows and in MS-DOS up to version
5.0. The graftabl command is not available in 64-bit versions of
Windows. |
| Graphics |
The graphics command is used to load a program that can print
graphics. The graphics command is available in MS-DOS as well as in all
32-bit versions of Windows. The graphics command is not available in
64-bit versions of Windows. |
| Help |
The help command provides more detailed information on any of the
other Command Prompt or MS-DOS commands. The help command is available
in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Hostname |
The hostname
command displays the name of the current host. The hostname command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and
Windows XP. |
| Hwrcomp |
The hwrcomp command is used to compile custom dictionaries for
handwriting recognition. The hwrcomp command is available in Windows 8
and Windows 7. |
| Hwrreg |
The hwrreg command is used to install a previously compiled custom
dictionary for handwriting recognition. The hwrreg command is available
in Windows 8 and Windows 7. |
| Icacls |
The icacls command is used to display or change access control lists
of files. The icacls command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, and Windows Vista. The icacls command is an updated version
of the cacls command. |
| If |
The if command is used to perform conditional functions in a batch
file. The if command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as
in MS-DOS. |
| Interlnk |
The interlnk command is used to connect two computers via a serial
or parallel connection to share files and printers. The interlnk command
is only available in MS-DOS. The ability to directly connect two
computers is handled by the networking functions in all versions of
Windows. |
| Intersvr |
The intersvr command is used to start the Interlnk server and to
copy Interlnk files from one computer to another. The intersvr command
is only available in MS-DOS. The ability to directly connect two
computers is handled by the networking functions in all versions of
Windows. |
| Ipconfig |
The ipconfig command is used to display detailed IP information for
each network adapter utilizing TCP/IP. The ipconfig command can also be
used to release and renew DHCP server. The ipconfig command is available in all versions of Windows. |
| Ipxroute |
The ipxroute command is used to display and change information about
IPX routing tables. The ipxroute command is available in Windows XP.
Microsoft removed their built-in NetWare client beginning in Windows
Vista, removing the associated ipxroute command as well. |
| Irftp |
The irftp command is used to transmit files over an infrared link.
The irftp command is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows
Vista. |
| Iscsicli |
The iscsicli command starts the Microsoft iSCSI Initiator, used to
manage iSCSI. The iscsicli command is available in Windows 10, Windows
8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Kb16 |
The kb16 command is used to support MS-DOS files that need to configure a keyboard
for a specific language. The kb16 command is available in Windows 10,
Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. The kb16 command is
not available in 64-bit versions of Windows. The kb16 command replaced
the keyb command beginning in Windows XP but only exists to support
older MS-DOS files. |
| Keyb |
The keyb command is used to configure a keyboard for a specific
language. The keyb command is available in Windows 98 and 95, as well as
in MS-DOS. See the kb16 command for an equivalent command in later
versions of Windows. Keyboard language settings are handled by the
Region and Language or Regional and Language Options (depending on the
version of Windows) Control Panel applets in Windows beginning in
Windows XP. |
| Klist |
The klist command is used to list Kerberos service tickets. The
klist command can also be used to purge Kerberos tickets. The klist
command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8 and Windows 7. |
| Ksetup |
The ksetup command is used to configure connections to a Kerberos
server. The ksetup command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8 and
Windows 7. |
| Ktmutil |
The ktmutil command starts the Kernel Transaction Manager utility.
The ktmutil command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7,
and Windows Vista. |
| Label |
The label command is used to manage the volume label of a disk. The
label command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in
MS-DOS. |
| Lh |
The lh command is the shorthand version of the loadhigh command. The
lh command is available in Windows 98 and 95, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Licensingdiag |
The licensingdiag command is a tool used to generate a text-based log and other data files that contain product activation and other Windows licensing information. The licensingdiag command is available in Windows 10 and Windows 8. |
| Loadfix |
The loadfix command is used to load the specified program in the
first 64K of memory and then runs the program. The loadfix command is
available in MS-DOS as well as in all 32-bit versions of Windows. The
loadfix command is not available in 64-bit versions of Windows. |
| Loadhigh |
The loadhigh command is used to load a program into high memory and
is usually used from within the autoexec.bat file. The loadhigh command
is available in Windows 98 and 95, as well as in MS-DOS. Memory usage is
handled automatically beginning in Windows XP. |
| Lock |
The lock command is used to lock a drive, enabling direct disk
access for a program. The lock command is only available in Windows 98
and 95. Drive locking is no longer available as of Windows XP. |
| Lodctr |
The lodctr command is used to update registry values related to performance counters. The lodctr command is available in all versions of Windows. |
| Logman |
The logman command is used to create and manage Event Trace Session
and Performance logs. The logman command also supports many functions of
Performance Monitor. The logman command is available in Windows 10,
Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Logoff |
The logoff command is used to terminate a session. The logoff
command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista,
and Windows XP. |
| Lpq |
The lpq command displays the status of a print queue on a computer
running Line Printer Daemon (LPD). The lpq command is available in all
versions of Windows. The lpq command is not available by default in
Windows 10, 8, 7, or Vista, but can be enabled by turning on the LPD
Print Service and LPR Port Monitor features from Programs and Features
in Control Panel. |
| Lpr |
The lpr command is used to send a file to a computer running Line
Printer Daemon (LPD). The lpr command is available in all versions of
Windows. The lpr command is not available by default in Windows 10, 8,
7, or Vista, but can be enabled by turning on the LPD Print Service and
LPR Port Monitor features from Programs and Features in Control Panel. |
| Makecab |
The makecab command is used to losslessly compress one or more
files. The makecab command is sometimes called Cabinet Maker. The
makecab command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7,
Windows Vista, and Windows XP. The makecab command is the same as the
diantz command, a command that was removed after Windows 7. |
| Manage-bde |
The manage-bde command is used to configure BitLocker Drive
Encryption from the command line. The manage-bde command is available in
Windows 10, Windows 8, and Windows 7. A script by the name of
manage-bde.wsf exists in Windows Vista and can be used with the cscript
command to perform BitLocker tasks from the command line in that
operating system. |
| Md |
The md command is the shorthand version of the mkdir command. The md
command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Mem |
The mem command shows information about used and free memory areas
and programs that are currently loaded into memory in the MS-DOS
subsystem. The mem command is available in MS-DOS as well as in all
32-bit versions of Windows. The mem command is not available in 64-bit
versions of Windows. |
| Memmaker |
The memmaker command is used to start MemMaker, a memory
optimization tool. The memaker command is available in Windows 98 and
95, as well as in MS-DOS. Memory usage is automatically optimized
beginning in Windows XP. |
| Mkdir |
The mkdir command is used to create a new folder. The mkdir command
is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Mklink |
The mklink command is used to create a symbolic link. The mklink
command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows
Vista. |
| Mode |
The mode command is used to configure system devices, most often COM
and LPT ports. The mode command is available in all versions of
Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Mofcomp |
The mofcomp command properly displays the data within a Managed
Object Format (MOF) file. The mofcomp command is available in all
versions of Windows. |
| More |
The more command is used to display the information contained in a
text file. The more command can also be used to paginate the results of
any other Command Prompt or MS-DOS command. The more command is
available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Mount |
The mount command is used to mount Network File System (NFS) network
shares. The mount command is available in Windows 7 and Windows Vista.
The mount command is not available by default in Windows Vista or
Windows 7 but can be enabled by turning on the Services for NFS Windows
feature from Programs and Features in Control Panel. The mount command
is not available in Windows 10 or 8 because Service for UNIX (SFU) was
discontinued. |
| Mountvol |
The mountvol command is used to display, create, or remove volume
mount points. The mountvol command is available in Windows 10, Windows
8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Move |
The move command is used to move one or files from one folder to
another. The move command is also used to rename directories. The move
command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Mrinfo |
The mrinfo command is used to provide information about a router's interfaces and neighbors. The mrinfo command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Msav |
The msav command starts Microsoft Antivirus. The msav command is
only available in MS-DOS. Microsoft Antivirus was designed for MS-DOS
and Windows 3.x only. Microsoft provides an optional virus protection
suite called Microsoft Security Essentials for Windows XP and later
operating systems, and third party antivirus tools are available for all versions of Windows. |
| Msbackup |
The msbackup command starts Microsoft Backup, a tool used to back up
and restore one or more files. The msbackup command is only available
in MS-DOS. The msbackup command was replaced with Microsoft Backup
beginning in Windows 95 and then Backup and Restore in later versions of
Windows. |
| Mscdex |
The mscdex command is used to provide CD-ROM
access to MS-DOS. The mscdex command is available in Windows 98 and 95,
as well as in MS-DOS. Windows provides access to CD-ROM drives for the
MS-DOS subsystem beginning in Windows XP, so the mscdex command is
unnecessary in this and later operating systems. |
| Msd |
The msd command starts Microsoft Diagnostics, a tool used to display information about your computer. The msd command is only available in MS-DOS. The msd command was replaced with System Information beginning in Windows 95. |
| Msg |
The msg command is used to send a message to a user. The msg command
is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and
Windows XP. |
| Msiexec |
The msiexec command is used to start Windows Installer, a tool used
to install and configure software. The msiexec command is available in
Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Muiunattend |
The muiunattend command starts the Multilanguage User Interface
unattended setup process. The muiunattend command is available in
Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Nbtstat |
The nbtstat command is used to show TCP/IP information and other
statistical information about a remote computer. The nbtstat command is
available in all versions of Windows. |
| Net |
The net command is used to display, configure, and correct a wide
variety of network settings. The net command is available in all
versions of Windows. |
| Net1 |
The net1 command is used to display, configure, and correct a wide
variety of network settings. The net1 command is available in Windows
10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. The net command
should be used instead of the net1 command. The net1 command was made
available in Windows NT and Windows 2000 as a temporary fix for a Y2K
issue that the net command had, which was corrected before the release
of Windows XP. The net1 command remains in later versions of Windows
only for compatibility with older programs and scripts that utilized the
command. |
| Netcfg |
The netcfg command is used to install the Windows Preinstallation
Environment (WinPE), a lightweight version of Windows used to deploy
workstations. The netcfg command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Netsh |
The netsh command is used to start Network Shell, a command-line
utility used to manage the network configuration of the local, or a
remote, computer. The netsh command is available in Windows 10, Windows
8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Netstat |
The netstat command is most commonly used to display all open
network connections and listening ports. The netstat command is
available in all versions of Windows. |
| Nfsadmin |
The nfsadmin command is used to manage Server for NFS or Client for
NFS from the command line. The nfsadmin command is available in Windows 7
and Windows Vista. The nfsadmin command is not available by default in
Windows Vista or Windows 7 but can be enabled by turning on the Services
for NFS Windows feature from Programs and Features in Control Panel.
The nfsadmin command is not available in Windows 10 or 8 because Service
for UNIX (SFU) was discontinued. |
| Nlsfunc |
The nlsfunc command is used to load information specific to a
particular country or region. The nlsfunc command is available in MS-DOS
as well as in all 32-bit versions of Windows. The nlsfunc command is
not available in 64-bit versions of Windows. Nlsfunc is only available
in Windows 10, 8, 7, Vista, and XP to support older MS-DOS files. |
| Nltest |
The nltest command is used to test secure channels between Windows
computers in a domain and between domain controllers that are trusting
other domains. The nltest command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
and Windows 7. |
| Nslookup |
The nslookup is most commonly used to display the hostname of an
entered IP address. The nslookup command queries your configured DNS server
to discover the IP address. The nslookup command is available in
Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Ntbackup |
The ntbackup command is used to perform various backup functions
from the Command Prompt or from within a batch or script file. The
ntbackup command is available in Windows XP. The ntbackup command was
replaced with the wbadmin beginning in Windows Vista. |
| Ntsd |
The ntsd command is used to perform certain command line debugging
tasks. The ntsd command is available in Windows XP. The ntsd command was
removed beginning in Windows Vista due to the addition of dump file
support in Task Manager. |
| Ocsetup |
The ocsetup command starts the Windows Optional Component Setup
tool, used to install additional Windows features. The ocsetup command
is available in Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. Beginning in
Windows 8, Microsoft is depreciating the ocsetup command in favor of the
dism command. |
| Openfiles |
The openfiles command is used to display and disconnect open files
and folders on a system. The openfiles command is available in Windows
10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Path |
The path command is used to display or set a specific path available
to executable files. The path command is available in all versions of
Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Pathping |
The pathping command functions much like the tracert command but
will also report information about network latency and loss at each hop. The pathping command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Pause |
The pause command is used within a batch or script file to pause the
processing of the file. When the pause command is used, a "Press any
key to continue…" message displays in the command window. The pause
command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Pentnt |
The pentnt command is used to detect floating point division errors
in the Intel Pentium chip. The pentnt command is also used to enable
floating point emulation and disable floating point hardware.
The pentnt command is available in Windows XP. The pentnt command was
removed beginning in Windows Vista due to the lack of Intel Pentium CPU use at the time of this operating system release. |
| Ping |
The ping command sends an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Echo Request message to a specified remote computer to verify IP-level
connectivity. The ping command is available in all versions of Windows. |
| Pkgmgr |
The pkgmgr command is used to start the Windows Package Manager from
the Command Prompt. Package Manager installs, uninstalls, configures,
and updates features and packages for Windows. The pkgmgr command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Pnpunattend |
The pnpunattend command is used to automate the installation of
hardware device drivers. The pnpunattend command is available in Windows
10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Pnputil |
The pnputil command is used to start the Microsoft PnP Utility, a
tool used to install a Plug and Play device from the command line. The
pnputil command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and
Windows Vista. |
| Popd |
The popd command is used to change the current directory to the one
most recently stored by the pushd command. The popd command is most
often utilized from within a batch or script file. The popd command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and
Windows XP. |
| Power |
The power command is used to reduce the power consumed by a computer
by monitoring software and hardware devices. The power command is
available in Windows 98 and 95, as well as in MS-DOS. The power command
was replaced by operating system integrated power management functions
beginning in Windows XP. |
| Powercfg |
The powercfg command is used to manage the Windows power management
settings from the command line. The powercfg command is available in
Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Print |
The print command is used to print a specified text file to a
specified printing device. The print command is available in all
versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Prompt |
The prompt command is used to customize the appearance of the prompt
text in Command Prompt or MS-DOS. The prompt command is available in
all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Pushd |
The pushd command is used to store a directory for use, most
commonly from within a batch or script program. The pushd command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and
Windows XP. |
| Pwlauncher |
The pwlauncher command is used to enable, disable, or show the
status of your Windows To Go startup options. The pwlauncher command is
available in Windows 10 and 8. |
| Qappsrv |
The qappsrv command is used to display all Remote Desktop Session
Host servers available on the network. The qappsrv command is available
in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Qbasic |
The qbasic command starts QBasic, the MS-DOS based programming
environment for the BASIC programming language. The qbasic command is
available in Windows 98 and 95, as well as in MS-DOS. The qbasic command
is not installed by default with Windows 98 or 95 but is available from
the installation disc or disks. |
| Qprocess |
The qprocess command is used to display information about running
processes. The qprocess command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Query |
The query command is used to display the status of a specified
service. The query command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Quser |
The quser command is used to display information about users
currently logged on to the system. The quser command is available in
Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Qwinsta |
The qwinsta command is used to display information about open Remote
Desktop Sessions. The qwinsta command is available in Windows 10,
Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Rasautou |
The rasautou command is used to manage Remote Access Dialer AutoDial
addresses. The rasautou command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Rasdial |
The rasdial command is used to start or end a network connection for
a Microsoft client. The rasdial command is available in Windows 10,
Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Rcp |
The rcp command is used to copy files between a Windows computer and
a system running the rshd daemon. The rcp command is available in
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. The rcp command is not
available by default in Windows Vista or Windows 7 but can be enabled by
turning on the Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications Windows feature
from Programs and Features in Control Panel and then installing the
Utilities and SDK for UNIX-based Applications available here for Windows
Vista and here for Windows 7. The rcp command is not available in
Windows 10 or 8 because Service for UNIX (SFU) was discontinued. |
| Rd |
The rd command is the shorthand version of the rmdir command. The rd
command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Rdpsign |
The rdpsign command is used to sign a Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) file. The rdpsign command is available in Windows 7. |
| Reagentc |
The reagentc command is used to configure the Windows Recovery
Environment (RE). The reagentc command is available in Windows 10,
Windows 8, and Windows 7. |
| Recimg |
The recimg command is used to create a custom refresh image. The recimg command is available in Windows 8. |
| Recover |
The recover command is used to recover readable data from a bad or
defective disk. The recover command is available in Windows 10, Windows
8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Reg |
The reg command is used to manage the exporting the registry, etc. The reg command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Regini |
The regini command is used to set or change registry permissions and
registry values from the command line. The regini command is available
in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Register-cimprovider |
The register-cimprovider command is used to register a Common
Information Model (CIM) Provider in Windows. The register-cimprovider
command is available in Windows 10 and Windows 8. |
| Regsvr32 |
The regsvr32 command is used to register a DLL file
as a command component in the Windows Registry. The regsvr32 command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and
Windows XP. |
| Relog |
The relog command is used to create new performance logs from data
in existing performance logs. The relog command is available in Windows
10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Rem |
The rem command is used to record comments or remarks in a batch or
script file. The rem command is available in all versions of Windows, as
well as in MS-DOS. |
| Ren |
The ren command is the shorthand version of the rename command. The
ren command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in
MS-DOS. |
| Rename |
The rename command is used to change the name of the individual file
that you specify. The rename command is available in all versions of
Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Repair-bde |
The repair-bde command is used to repair or decrypt a damaged drive
that's been encrypted using BitLocker. The repair-bde command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, and Windows 7. |
| Replace |
The replace command is used to replace one or more files with one or
more other files. The replace command is available in all versions of
Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Reset |
The reset command, executed as reset session, is used to
reset the session subsystem software and hardware to known initial
values. The reset command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Restore |
The restore command is used to restore files that were backed up
using the backup command. The restore command is only available in
MS-DOS. The backup command was only available up to MS-DOS 5.00 but the
restore command was included by default with later versions of MS-DOS to
provide a way to restore files that were backed up in previous versions
of MS-DOS. |
| Rexec |
The rexec command is used to run commands on remote computers
running the rexec daemon. The rexec command is available in Windows
Vista and Windows XP. The rsh command is not available by default in
Windows Vista but can be enabled by turning on the Subsystem for
UNIX-based Applications Windows feature from Programs and Features in
Control Panel and then installing the Utilities and SDK for UNIX-based
Applications available here. The rexec command is not available in
Windows 7 but can be executed in Windows XP via Windows XP Mode if need
be. |
| Rmdir |
The rmdir command is used to delete an existing or completely empty
folder. The rmdir command is available in all versions of Windows, as
well as in MS-DOS. |
| Robocopy |
The robocopy command is used to copy files and directories from one
location to another. This command is also called Robust File Copy. The
robocopy command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7,
and Windows Vista. The robocopy command is superior to both the copy
command and the xcopy command because robocopy supports many more
options. |
| Route |
The route command is used to manipulate network routing tables. The route command is available in all versions of Windows. |
| Rpcinfo |
The rpcinfo command makes a remote procedure call (RPC) to an RPC
server and reports what it finds. The rpcinfo command is available in
Windows 7 and Windows Vista. The rpcinfo command is not available by
default in Windows Vista or Windows 7 but can be enabled by turning on
the Services for NFS Windows feature from Programs and Features in
Control Panel. The rpcinfo command is not available in Windows 8 because
Service for UNIX (SFU) was discontinued. |
| Rpcping |
The rpcping command is used to ping a server using RPC. The rpcping
command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and
Windows Vista. |
| Rsh |
The rsh command is used to run commands on remote computers running
the rsh daemon. The rsh command is available in Windows 7, Windows
Vista, and Windows XP. The rsh command is not available by default in
Windows Vista or Windows 7 but can be enabled by turning on the
Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications Windows feature from Programs and
Features in Control Panel and then installing the Utilities and SDK for
UNIX-based Applications available here for Windows Vista and here for
Windows 7. The rsh command is not available in Windows 10 or 8 because
Service for UNIX (SFU) was discontinued. |
| Rsm |
The rsm command is used to manage media resources using Removable
Storage. The rsm command is available in Windows Vista and Windows XP.
The rsm command was optional in Windows Vista and then removed in
Windows 7 due to Removable Storage Manager being removed from the
operating system. Search for the rsm command in the C:\Windows\winsxs
folder in Windows Vista if you're having trouble executing the command. |
| Runas |
The runas command is used to execute a program using another user's
credentials. The runas command is available in Windows 10, Windows
8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Rwinsta |
The rwinsta command is the shorthand version of the reset session
command. The rwinsta command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Sc |
The sc command is used to configure information about services. The
sc command communicates with the Service Control Manager. The sc command
is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista,
and Windows XP. |
| Scandisk |
The scandisk command is used to start Microsoft ScanDisk, a disk
repair program. The scandisk command is available in Windows 98 and 95,
as well as in MS-DOS. The scandisk command was replaced by the chkdsk
command beginning in Windows XP. |
| Scanreg |
The scanreg command starts Windows Registry Checker, a basic
registry repair program and backup utility. The scanreg command is
available in Windows 98 and Windows 95. The functions provided by the
scanreg command were no longer necessary beginning in Windows XP due to
changes in how the Windows Registry functions. |
| Schtasks |
The schtasks command is used to schedule specified programs or
commands to run at certain times. The schtasks command can be used to
create, delete, query, change, run, and end scheduled tasks. The
schtasks command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7,
Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Sdbinst |
The sdbinst command is used to deploy customized SDB database files.
The sdbinst command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows
7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Secedit |
The secedit command is used to configure and analyze system security
by comparing the current security configuration to a template. The
secedit command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7,
Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Set |
The set command is used to display, enable, or disable environment variables in MS-DOS or from the Command Prompt. The set command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Setlocal |
The setlocal command is used to start the localization of
environment changes inside a batch or script file. The setlocal command
is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista,
and Windows XP. |
| Setspn |
The setspn command is used to manage the Service Principal Names
(SPN) for an Active Directory (AD) service account. The setspn command
is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, and Windows 7. |
| Setver |
The setver command is used to set the MS-DOS version number that
MS-DOS reports to a program. The setver command is available in MS-DOS
as well as in all 32-bit versions of Windows. The setver command is not
available in 64-bit versions of Windows. |
| Setx |
The setx command is used to create or change environment variables
in the user environment or the system environment. The setx command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Sfc |
The sfc command is used to verify and replace important Windows system files.
The sfc command is also referred to as System File Checker or Windows
Resource Checker, depending on the operating system. The sfc command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and
Windows XP. |
| Shadow |
The shadow command is used to monitor another Remote Desktop
Services session. The shadow command is available in Windows 7, Windows
Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Share |
The share command is used to install file locking and file sharing
functions in MS-DOS. The share command is available in MS-DOS as well as
in all 32-bit versions of Windows. The share command is not available
in 64-bit versions of Windows. Share is only available in Windows 10, 8,
7, Vista, and XP to support older MS-DOS files. |
| Shift |
The shift command is used to change the position of replaceable
parameters in a batch or script file. The shift command is available in
all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Showmount |
The showmount command is used to display information about NFS
mounted file systems. The showmount command is available in Windows 7
and Windows Vista. The showmount command is not available by default in
Windows Vista or Windows 7 but can be enabled by turning on the Services
for NFS Windows feature from Programs and Features in Control Panel.
The showmount command is not available in Windows 10 or 8 because
Service for UNIX (SFU) was discontinued. |
| Shutdown |
The shutdown command can be used to shut down, restart,
or log off the current system or a remote computer. The shutdown
command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows
Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Smartdrv |
The smartdrv command installs and configures SMARTDrive, a disk
caching utility for MS-DOS. The smartdrv command is available in Windows
98 and 95, as well as in MS-DOS. Caching is automatic beginning in
Windows XP, making the smartdrv command unnecessary. |
| Sort |
The sort command is used to read data from a specified input, sort
that data, and return the results of that sort to the Command Prompt
screen, a file, or another output device. The sort command is available
in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Start |
The start command is used to open a new command line window to run a
specified program or command. The start command can also be used to
start an application without creating a new window. The start command is
available in all versions of Windows. |
| Subst |
The subst command is used to associate a local path with a drive
letter. The subst command is a lot like the net use command except a
local path is used instead of a shared network path. The subst command
is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. The subst
command replaced the assign command beginning with MS-DOS 6.0. |
| Sxstrace |
The sxstrace command is used to start the WinSxs Tracing Utility, a
programming diagnostic tool. The sxstrace command is available in
Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Sys |
The sys command is used to copy the MS-DOS system files and command
interpreter to a disk. The sys command is available in Windows 98 and
95, as well as in MS-DOS. The sys command is used most often to create a
simple bootable disk or hard drive. The necessary system files for
Windows are too large to fit on a disk, so the sys command was removed
beginning in Windows XP. |
| Systeminfo |
The systeminfo command is used to display basic Windows
configuration information for the local or a remote computer. The
systeminfo command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows
7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Takeown |
The takedown command is used to regain access to a file that that an
administrator was denied access to when reassigning ownership of the
file. The takeown command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Taskkill |
The taskkill command is used to terminate a running task. The taskkill command is the command line equivalent of ending a process in Task Manager in Windows. The taskkill command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Tasklist |
Displays a list of applications, services, and the Process ID (PID)
currently running on either a local or a remote computer. The tasklist
command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows
Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Tcmsetup |
The tcmsetup command is used to set up or disable the Telephony
Application Programming Interface (TAPI) client. The tcmsetup command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and
Windows XP. |
| Telnet |
The telnet command is used to communicate with remote computers that use the Telnet protocol.
The telnet command is available in all versions of Windows. The telnet
command is not available by default in Windows 10, 8, 7, or Vista, but
can be enabled by turning on the Telnet Client Windows feature from
Programs and Features in Control Panel. |
| Tftp |
The tftp command is used to transfer files to and from a remote
computer that's running the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
service or daemon. The tftp command is available in Windows
10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. The tftp
command is not available by default in Windows 8, 7, or Vista, but can
be enabled by turning on the TFTP Client Windows feature from Programs
and Features in Control Panel. |
| Time |
The time command is used to show or change the current time. The
time command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in
MS-DOS. |
| Timeout |
The timeout command is typically used in a batch or script file to
provide a specified timeout value during a procedure. The timeout
command can also be used to ignore keypresses. The timeout command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Title |
The title command is used to set the Command Prompt window title.
The title command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7,
Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Tlntadmn |
The tlntadmn command is used to administer a local or remote
computer running Telnet Server. The tlntadmn command is available in
Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.
The tlntadmn command is not available by default in Windows 8, 7, or
Vista, but can be enabled by turning on the Telnet Server Windows
feature from Programs and Features in Control Panel. |
| Tpmvscmgr |
The tpmvscmgr command is used to create and destroy TPM virtual smart cards. The tpmvscmgr command is available in Windows 8. |
| Tracerpt |
The tracerpt command is used to process event trace logs or
real-time data from instrumented event trace providers. The tracerpt
command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows
Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Tracert |
The tracert command sends Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Echo Request messages to a specified remote computer with increasing
Time to Live (TTL) field values and displays the IP address and
hostname, if available, of the router interfaces between the source and
destination. The tracert command is available in all versions of
Windows. |
| Tree |
The tree command is used to graphically display the folder structure
of a specified drive or path. The tree command is available in all
versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Tscon |
The tscon command is used to attach a user session to a Remote
Desktop session. The tscon command is available in Windows
10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Tsdiscon |
The tsdiscon command is used to disconnect a Remote Desktop session.
The tsdiscon command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Tskill |
The tskill command is used to end the specified process. The tskill
command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows
Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Tsshutdn |
The tsshutdn command is used to remotely shut down or restart a
terminal server. The tsshutdn command is available in Windows XP. The
ability to shut down a computer remotely is also available in the more
powerful shutdown command, so tsshutdn was removed beginning in Windows
Vista. |
| Type |
The type command is used to display the information contained in a
text file. The type command is available in all versions of Windows, as
well as in MS-DOS. |
| Typeperf |
The typerperf command displays performance data in the Command
Prompt window or writes the data to specified log file. The typeperf
command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows
Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Tzutil |
The tzutil command is used to display or configure the current
system's time zone. The tzutil command can also be used to enable or
disable Daylight Saving Time adjustments. The tzutil command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, and Windows 7. |
| Umount |
The umount command is used to remove Network File System (NFS)
mounted network shares. The umount command is available in Windows 7 and
Windows Vista. The umount command is not available by default in
Windows Vista or Windows 7 but can be enabled by turning on the Services
for NFS Windows feature from Programs and Features in Control Panel.
The umount command is not available in Windows 10 or 8 because Service
for UNIX (SFU) was discontinued. |
| Undelete |
The undelete command is used to undo a deletion performed with the
MS-DOS delete command. The undelete command is only available in MS-DOS.
The undelete command was removed beginning in Windows 95 due to the
availability of the Recycle Bin in Windows. Additionally, free file recovery programs are available from third-party software makers. |
| Unformat |
The unformat command is used to undo the formatting on a drive
performed by the MS-DOS format command. The unformat command is only
available in MS-DOS. The unformat command was removed beginning in
Windows 95 due to file system changes. |
| Unlock |
The unlock command is used to unlock a drive, disabling direct disk
access for a program. The unlock command is only available in Windows 98
and 95. Drive locking is no longer available as of Windows XP. |
| Unlodctr |
The unlodctr command removes Explain text and Performance counter
names for a service or device driver from the Windows Registry. The
unlodctr command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7,
Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Vaultcmd |
The vaultcmd command is used to create, remove, and show stored
credentials. The vaultcmd command is available in Windows
10, Windows 8, and Windows 7. |
| Ver |
The ver command is used to display the current Windows or MS-DOS version number. The ver command is available in all versions of Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. |
| Verify |
The verify command is used to enable or disable the ability of
Command Prompt, or MS-DOS, to verify that files are written correctly to
a disk. The verify command is available in all versions of Windows, as
well as in MS-DOS. |
| Vol |
The vol command shows the volume label
and serial number of a specified disk, assuming this information
exists. The vol command is available in all versions of Windows, as well
as in MS-DOS. |
| Vsafe |
The vsafe command is used to start VSafe, a basic virus protection
system for MS-DOS. The vsafe command is only available in MS-DOS. VSafe
was designed for MS-DOS and Windows 3.x only. Microsoft provides an
optional virus protection suite called Microsoft Security Essentials for
Windows XP and later operating systems, and third-party antivirus tools
are available for all versions of Windows. |
| Vssadmin |
The vssadmin command starts the Volume Shadow Copy Service
administrative command line tool which displays current volume shadow
copy backups and all installed shadow copy writers and providers. The
vssadmin command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7,
Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| W32tm |
The w32tm command is used to diagnose issues with Windows Time. The
w32tm command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7,
Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Waitfor |
The waitfor command is used to send or wait for a signal on a
system. The waitfor command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Wbadmin |
The wbadmin command is used to start and stop backup jobs, display
details about a previous backup, list the items within a backup, and
report on the status of a currently running backup. The wbadmin command
is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows
Vista. The wbadmin command replaced the ntbackup command beginning in
Windows Vista. |
| Wecutil |
The wecutil command is used to manage subscriptions to events that
are forwarded from WS-Management supported computers. The wecutil
command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and
Windows Vista. |
| Wevtutil |
The wevtutil command starts the Windows Events Command Line Utility
which is used to manage event logs and publishers. The wevtutil command
is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows
Vista. |
| Where |
The where command is used to search for files that match a specified
pattern. The where command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8,
Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Whoami |
The whoami command is used to retrieve user name and group
information on a network. The whoami command is available in Windows
10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Winmgmt |
The winmgmt command starts the command line version of WMI, a
scripting tool in Windows. The winmgmt command is available in all
versions of Windows. |
| Winrm |
The winrm command is used to start the command line version of
Windows Remote Management, used to manage secure communications with
local and remote computers using web services. The winrm command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Winrs |
The winrs command is used to open a secure command window with a
remote host. The winrs command is available in Windows 10, Windows
8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Winsat |
The winsat command starts the Windows System Assessment Tool, a
program that assesses various features, attributes, and capabilities of a
computer running Windows. The winsat command is available in Windows
10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Wmic |
The wmic command starts the Windows Management Instrumentation
Command line (WMIC), a scripting interface that simplifies the use of
Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) and systems managed via WMI.
The wmic command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7,
Windows Vista, and Windows XP. |
| Wsmanhttpconfig |
The wsmanhttpconfig command is used to manage aspects of the Windows
Remote Management (WinRM) service. The wsmanhttpconfig command is
available in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista. |
| Xcopy |
The xcopy command can copy one or more files or directory trees from
one location to another. The xcopy command is generally considered a
more "powerful" version of the copy command through the robocopy command
trumps even xcopy. The xcopy command is available in all versions of
Windows, as well as in MS-DOS. A command by the name of xcopy32 existed
in Windows 95 and Windows 98. To avoid a long and confusing explanation
here, just know that no matter if you executed the xcopy command or the
xcopy32 command, you were always executing the most updated version of
the command. |
| Xwizard |
The xwizard command, short for Extensible Wizard, is used to register data in Windows, often from a preconfigured XML file. The xwizard command is available in Windows 10, Windows 8, and Windows 7. |
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